What is a restrictive covenant and how can it affect me?


A restrictive covenant is a legal promise written into a property’s title that limits what the owner can do with the land or buildings. These covenants “run with the land,” meaning they bind future owners — including you, if you purchase the property at auction.

Restrictive covenants can seriously affect how you use or develop the property, and breaching them can lead to legal action, including court-ordered reinstatement or financial compensation.

What does a restrictive covenant do?

It may prohibit:

  • Building on part of the land (e.g. no extensions, no second dwelling)
  • Using the property for certain purposes (e.g. no business or Airbnb use)
  • Making structural alterations without consent
  • Parking certain vehicles (e.g. caravans, commercial vans)
  • Keeping animals or running a trade
  • Creating nuisance (e.g. noise, smell, overcrowding)

How will I know if a property has one?

Restrictive covenants will be shown on the official copy of the Title Register. Sometimes they’re set out in full — other times they’re referred to in older deeds that must be read alongside the title. Auction packs may include only partial information.

Check:

  • The Title Register and Title Plan
  • The legal pack for any referred deeds or covenants
  • With your solicitor if anything is unclear — we can interpret and advise

Can they be removed?

  • Some restrictive covenants can be removed or varied by agreement with the person who benefits — often the original developer, neighbouring landowner, or residents’ association.
  • In other cases, you may apply to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) to have a covenant discharged — but this is a lengthy and uncertain legal process.
  • We can advise on whether this is realistic based on your circumstances.

Summary

Restrictive covenants can limit what you can do with a property and may lead to costly legal disputes if ignored. At Versus Law, we always review the Title Register and covenants before auction — and flag any issues that could affect your plans.